Flying with a pet takes more planning than flying alone. Every airline has its own rules, fees and limits, and they change from time to time, so always check the airline's current policy before you book. Here's what to expect in general.
Pets in the cabin
Most US airlines allow small dogs and cats to fly in the cabin, in a carrier that fits under the seat in front of you.
- Size: the pet and carrier together usually need to fit under the seat. Airlines publish maximum carrier sizes; soft-sided carriers fit more easily.
- Space is limited: airlines allow only a few pets in the cabin per flight, so book early and add your pet to your reservation straight away.
- Fees: most airlines charge a fee each way, and the carrier usually counts as your personal item or carry-on.
- Age: puppies and kittens usually have to be a minimum age to fly.
- Staying put: your pet must stay in the carrier for the whole flight, including taxiing.
Pets in cargo
Larger pets may travel in the hold or with an airline's dedicated pet shipping service, but many airlines no longer accept pets as checked baggage. Some don't fly pets in cargo at all.
- Breed restrictions: many airlines won't fly short-nosed (brachycephalic) breeds such as bulldogs, pugs and Persian cats in cargo, because they're more likely to have breathing problems.
- Temperature limits: airlines may refuse to fly pets in cargo in very hot or very cold weather.
- Crates: cargo crates must meet airline and IATA requirements for size, ventilation and security.
Service animals and emotional support animals
Under US Department of Transportation rules, airlines must accept trained service dogs, usually with a DOT form completed in advance. Airlines are no longer required to treat emotional support animals as service animals, so most now count them as pets.
Paperwork
- A health certificate from your vet may be required, especially for cargo or interstate travel. Check how recently it must be issued.
- Proof of rabies vaccination is commonly needed.
- International travel has much stricter rules, sometimes including microchips, blood tests and waiting periods. Start planning months ahead.
Tips for a calmer flight
- Get your pet used to the carrier for weeks before the trip, with treats and short car rides.
- Book a nonstop flight if you can, to avoid connections and delays.
- Talk to your vet before giving any calming medication. Sedation can be risky at altitude, and many airlines advise against it.
- Skip a big meal a few hours before the flight, but keep your pet hydrated.
- Arrive early. Pets usually have to be checked in at the counter, not online.
Compare the major airlines' rules on our airline pet policies page, with links to each airline's own policy. If you need somewhere to stay when you land, see our hotel pet policies too.